人工光合作用应用前景广泛
- 指点迷津
- 2024-11-30
- 7
The excessive
atmospheric
1 carbon dioxide that is driving global climate change could be harnessed into a renewable energy technology that would be a win for both the environment and the economy. That is the
lure
2 of artificial
photosynthesis
3 in which the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide is used to produce clean, green and sustainable fuels. However, finding a
catalyst
4 for reducing carbon dioxide that is highly selective and efficient has proven to be a huge scientific challenge. Meeting this challenge in the future should be easier thanks to new research results from Berkeley Lab. Peidong Yang, a chemist with Berkeley Lab's Materials Sciences Division, led a study in which bimetallic nanoparticles of gold and
copper
5 were used as the catalyst for the carbon dioxide reduction. The results experimentally revealed for the first time the critical influence of the electronic and geometric effects in the reduction reaction., ,"
Acting
6 synergistically, the electronic and geometric effects
dictate
7 the
binding
8 strength for reaction intermediates and consequently the catalytic selectivity and efficiency in the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide," Yang says. "In the future, the design of carbon dioxide reduction
catalysts
9 with good activity and selectivity will require the careful balancing of these two effects as revealed in our study.", ,Yang, who also holds appointments with the University of California (UC) Berkeley and the Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley, is a leading authority on nanoparticle
phenomena
10. His most recent research has focused on nanocatalysts fashioned from metal
alloys
11 rather than a single metal such as gold, tin or copper., ,Nanoscience expert Peidong Yang holds appointments with Berkeley Lab, UC Berkeley and the Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley. (Photo by Roy Kaltschmidt), ,"By alloying, we believe we can
tune
12 the binding strength of intermediates on a catalyst surface to enhance the reaction kinetics for the carbon dioxide reduction," he says. "Nanoparticles provide an ideal platform for studying this effect because, through appropriate
synthetic
13 processes, we can access a wide range of compositions, sizes and shapes, allowing for a deeper understanding of catalyst performance through precise control of active sites.", ,In addition, Yang says, nanoparticle as catalysts have high surface-to-volume and surface-to-mass ratios that are
advantageous
14 for achieving high catalytic activity. For this new study, uniform gold-copper bimetallic nanoparticles with different compositions were assembled into ordered monolayers then observed during carbon dioxide reduction., ,"The ordered monolayers served as a well-defined platform that enabled us to better understand their fundamental catalytic activity in carbon dioxide reduction," Yang says. "Based on our observations, the activity of the gold-copper bimetallic nanoparticles can be explained in terms of the electronic effect, in which the binding of intermediates can be
tuned
15 using different surface compositions, and the geometric effect, in which the local atomic arrangement at the active site allows the catalyst to
deviate
16 from the scaling relation."
本文由明日于2024-11-30发表在生活百科-红苹果乐园,如有疑问,请联系我们。
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